Pragmatic and Scientific Approach
Prof. Dr. Rajamouly Katta, Ganapathy
Engineering College, Warangal.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
Synopsis:
Education means learning in the observation
of nature, association with elders, preeminently classroom-teaching. The
purpose of education is for knowledge and wisdom. Education leads one to learn
manners, culture, and civilization. One imbibes values and virtues to be worthy
of a human being. Apart from all these, students should learn how to be healthy
and fit to live happily. For that the knowledge of medical science is
essential. One should at the same time know how to use science and technology
available, financial source by means of job or profession, and live in society
as per the established values to be a perfect human being. In the firmament of
education, we find we age old system of education without welcoming healthy
changes for all round development. We are to make is that we should change the
current curriculum and existing pattern of education today. As per my approach
to the new system of education: infant education for three years (Nursery to 1st
Class), primary education for three years (2nd`` to 4th
class), secondary education for four years (5th to 8th
class), pre-college education for four years, undergraduate education for four
years and post-graduate and research for four years. Precollege education is
the stage where students sow the seeds of their career and bloom in their
respective career in the subsequent stages especially in the stage of
post-graduate and research. Then they do jobs for 35 years, attaining superannuation
at the age of 60 years. The education of an individual should contribute to the
development of his nation in the welfare of mankind. This is the journey of man
in life in the welfare of mankind.
Clue words: Learning,
health, knowledge, wisdom, job, profession, medical science, scientific
research, technology, earning, finance, banking, social awareness, humanities, curriculum,
change, development, education, infant, primary, secondary, pre-college,
college, experience, development. nation, mankind.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
Education is the chief weapon to change the
life and career of man. Without education, there is no civilization, and man
without education is uncivilized, ‘Vidya Viheenah pashuhuh.’ Education plays
the most significant role. It is the nucleus point in shaping man in ignorance
into a civilized and enlightened man. Dr. S. Radhakrishnan says, ‘Education is
the pivot of civilization.’ We all admit that education is the most significant
weapon to shape our lives. The teacher is there to offer it to the students.
People treat the teacher as God: “Gururbrahma Gurur Vishnu, Guru Devo
Mahesharah, Guru saaksakshath parambrahma tasmaisriguruve namah”. So, the
teacher is the divine and whatever he or she offers is the divine offering. Education
is just a tool for teaching but is the tool for empowerment with knowledge and
wisdom. Besides empowering man by knowledge and wisdom, it offers multitudinous
opportunities for man to grow into a perfect human being. It can change the
world as Nelson Mandela said, “Education is the most powerful weapon in the
world.” People, therefore, revere education for it is the best and unique
offering to man for his entertainment and enlightenment.
Education has been passing from one
generation to another generation. All are prone to change to the tune of time.
Education of the most dynamic in nature and stature also changes in its system
from time to time. In the age of science of technology, the system of education
welcomes changes, keeping in view of the acumen of students in the generation
of internet. Unlike a baby in the previous age, a baby born in the age of
science and technology and generation of internet surprises the people of the
world by its prodigy skills even in stage of infancy. The baby proves mettle, marking
a clear-cut distinction in the current age of science and technology. Keeping
the mettle of the age, the age-old system of education and curriculum in the
age are to be changed at all levels especially in the stage of precollege
education for four years between secondary and graduate education. The child
grows up with its acumen open, observing all what is going on in the
surroundings.
Infant Education (Nursery, L.K.G, U.K.G.
and the first class, completed in 3 years)
The child born cognitively identifies its
mother and father and caregivers in the family. First, Mother plays an
important role for two years in the infancy of a child since Mother is the
first teacher. Father leads it by holding the hand for a step towards
excellence.
The child grows up well under the
supervision of parents and caregivers. It learns to identify sweet sounds and
lovely scenes in the stage of growing up. Child’s age from zero to two years,
for sure, is the first stage of learning at home school run in the supervision
of parents and caregivers.
The child at the beginning of the third
year learns literacy and numeracy. Gradually it learns more step by step in the
kindergarten stage when taught by a teacher. At the age it needs the attention
of a well-trained teacher for children to teach them in play-way methods. Audio
and video lessons should be made available to the child to suit its absorption
and understanding.
At the stage, the child is also taught
physical education in several ways, creating interest in its mind in all those
activities of games and sports.
Foundation laid at the outset of life for
education should be strong. Attention ought to be paid to the child’s
development mentally and physically. Under the guidance of well-trained
teachers, the child completes infant education from nursery to first class in
three years in
school, the home-like bower.
In the stage of infant education, the child
is exposed to English in the English medium school or the vernacular in the
regional medium one. The child of the English medium learns to understand the
vernacular and the national language. Similarly, the child of the vernacular
medium learns to understand English, the international language and Hindi, the
national language. In the first class, the child needs to know the fundamentals
of social studies, general science, and human values as basics. The child completes
the fifth year of age by the completion of the first class. Basic knowledge is
imparted to the child in infant education before entering the next stage of
primary education. Apart from curricular activities, teachers see that the
child participates in co-curricular and extracurricular activities.
Primary Education (Second, third and
fourth classes complete in 3 years)
At the beginning of the sixth year, the
child enters the Primary education, learning basics. English,
Vernacular language, Hindi, general science, mathematics, and social studies in
the medium of the child’s choice. Communication skills are to be developed.
Stage fear or fear complex and shyness are to be overcome by participating in
all activities encouraged by teachers. Apart from
teaching general subjects, general knowledge should be improved. Children are
to participate in games and sports for physical fitness and mental ability for
a sound mind is in a sound body. Competitions should be held for them to
participate in various activities. They are divided into groups and the groups
are to be named after lovely objects or well-noted persons. A teacher must
guide the students of a group. Excursions are to be undertaken to promote the
general knowledge of students and trips for entertainment and enlightenment.
During the stage of primary school, the
child grows up rapidly. It will have its own understanding and its teacher
learns how it grasps the subject. The teacher must encourage it to develop its
grasping of subjects by his or her innovative and creative methods of teaching.
Secondary Education (Fifth and sixth,
seventh & eighth classes completed in 4 years)
This is the crucial stage for the students
as grown-ups as they develop their aims and objectives. They complete
school education two years in advance in contrast with the existing system of
school education to complete with tenth class. Apart from languages English,
vernacular and Hindi, the general subjects: general science, mathematics, and
social studies are to be taught only in English medium. The curriculum of
seventh and eighth classes should be comprehensive coverage. There should be a
board examination on the curriculum of seventh and eighth classes. For
students’ enlightenment, tests should be conducted on general knowledge and
day-to-day affairs. Children are to participate in games and sports for
physical fitness and mental ability. Interschool tournaments are to be
conducted for encouragement to students to participate in games and sports.
Competitions in cocurricular and extracurricular activities are to be held for
their all-round development. General and vocational education should be made
available to students as secondary education provides well-rounded education.
A teacher must be keen on guiding the students
of every group. As per their interest. excursions or educational tours are to
be undertaken to promote the general knowledge of students.
Students at this stage in the age of
science and technology start to aim at studying the subject or the course of
their choice. They should be given ample scope for studying their subject in
detail in the next stage of precollege education.
Pre-college Education (9th, 10th,
11th &12th year of study with optional subjects)
As per my article, aiming at the new policy
of education, the stage of precollege education marks a turning point in
student’s career. This is the stage where the seed of a student’s interest is
sown. It is like the crossroads where a student selects the path for his or her
life career and journey. It is in fact the stage where a student has the choose
any optional subject or course as specialization from life sciences: medical
science, technical science, scientific research, financial or managerial
studies and humanities (Arts) to be studied in 11th and 12th
year study as per his or her choice apart from English. At this stage, vernacular
and Hindi are to be allotted one hour each per week to promote their
communication skills in a nation like India.
In this stage there should be ample scope
for obtaining knowledge in optional subjects. Teachers are to take necessary
steps to promote their knowledge in their respective subjects.
I.
Life Sciences:
There are life sciences as they deal with
the lives of humans (Medical sciences), animals and birds (Veterinary &poultry
sciences), fish and prawns (Fisheries) crops and plants (Agricultural
sciences).
At this stage, students start learning
about life sciences for four years. They do not have other subjects like social
studies and mathematics. They have English subject and are to study all
subjects in English medium. In the ninth year of study, they are to concentrate
on the subjects related to health and medicine; food and nutrition. They can serve the people of rural areas by
giving them medical aid.
After completion of pre-college education,
students can enter undergraduate education for their further studies or serve
society on behalf of the Government sector or private managements. For example,
students of medical sciences as the specialization subject can serve as junior
doctors and so is the case in other fields of life sciences.
- Medical
Sciences
People need medical help when they are sick
or infirm. In cities they have medical facilities, and they are not adequate to
meet their needs. In rural areas, they lack medical facilities, for there are
no doctors available for medical services. Persons with medical knowledge are
not available to tell them about nutrition, medicine, and health. They rush to
cities for medical aid. Junior doctors studying precollege medical sciences,
come out from college. Students are to complete their pre-college education with
the subject of medical science to be jr. doctors to serve the rural people.
They can serve the rural people in times of need.
Students after completion of pre-college
education in medical science are designated as jr. doctors with Pre-M.B., B.S.
study for four years. They serve as jr. doctors in hospitals and the people in
rural areas.
In their ninth class, they start studying
biology, anatomy, physiology, nutrition apart from English. Whatever is studied
for medicine is studied in four years in precollege education. They are enabled
to treat common ailments. In the next
stage of M.B.B.S they study medical science with specialization for four years.
In post-graduate study MD and MS they go for super specialization.
- Pharmaceutical
Sciences:
Pharmaceutical sciences are simultaneously
studied along with medical sciences as they deal with medicines, pills, drugs,
ointments, vaccines and so on are be produced from companies. Pharmacy is the
field in which formulas are evolved and produced. Students are to be studied
enabling students to produce all used in the treatment of diseases as per the
prescription of doctors. At this stage, physics, chemistry and so on are the
subjects of study.
As students come out of this stage of
precollege education with their qualification, Pre B. Pharm to work in companies
of medicine production.
- Veterinary
and Poultry Sciences:
To be healthy and fit mentally and
physically, we should take milk as our compulsory food item. We should have
cattle for milk. In the same way, egg is also an important food item with all
various vitamins and proteins. To make eggs available, poultry forms are
necessary. To look after the health of cattle and poultry, a veterinary doctor
is necessary. After the completion of pre-college education in veterinary and
poultry services, students with the knowledge of it come out to be available
for their services as junior veterinary doctor in rural areas with their
pre-B,V.Sc degree.
- Fishery
Science
Fish is an essential food with all
proteins, especially Omega-3. People take it as their food item for health and
fitness. Farmers growing fish and prawns in ponds need medical aid for good
production. Medical aid is necessary for a good production of fish and prawns.
Junior Doctor of Veterinary Sciences comes out, studying precollege education
with specialization of veterinary science.
- Agricultural
Science:
Agriculture is the main industry for
economic development of a nation. A country like India is an agricultural
country for the farmer is the backbone of the nation. Paddy, wheat, maize and so on are grown in
India. Sericulture is also a main industry. Farmers grow silkworms for the texture
of silk. Orchards are to be grown for the supply of fruits. For production,
agricultural scientists or agricultural officers are necessary. At the stage of
pre-college education in life sciences is essential for students to study. They
serve farmers at every level whenever they need their services. At this stage,
there is an optional subject for students to study. What they study at this
stage in Pre-college education is Pre B.Sc. (Ag). After the completion of this
they can enter undergraduate education in agricultural sciences for B.Sc. (Ag).
Later they can pursue M, Sc (Ag) with specialization. They can also do research
on a topic of their choice in the development of agriculture.
- Environmental
Studies
Environmental Studies are essential for all
to study as a general subject. A nation’s development depends on its geographical
features and climatic conditions. Ours is the age of science and technology and
the generation of internet, and so we are to study environmental studies at
precollege education as a compulsory subject.
- Biological
sciences:
Pre B. Sc (Biology), Pre B.Sc.
(Microbiology), Pre B. Sc (Biochemistry) Pre B. Sc (Fisheries), Pre B.Sc.
(Sericulture) Pre B. Sc (Horticulture), pre B.Sc, (Home science) and so on.
II.
Scientist’s Research
Students should always think of what they are
to invent new thing, and something constructive but not something destructive,
using all resources of science and technology. They are to shape themselves to
be scientists. They are to use all resources and bring out constructive changes
as their contribution to the development of mankind. For example, our scientists are successful in
launching Chandrayan-3. It has landed on the moon. It is symbolic of man’s
success in general and India’s success in particular. Scientists with the
knowledge of various subjects in making the mission of ISRO a grand success.
Students are to concentrate on scientific
research. They are encouraged to study the lives of scientists to become
scientists in their future.
III.
Technological Sciences
Next to life sciences and scientific
research, technological sciences play an important place. A nation’s
development is decided by its scientific development and technological
progress. Students are to study technological sciences early in pre-college
education for four years. In the stage, they study mathematics, physics,
chemistry, statistics, engineering and so on in addition to English. Students
are to study the subject of specialization in the third and fourth year of
technical sciences. The subjects of specialization are as follows: engineering,
architecture, electronics, computer science, information technology, aircraft,
space craft, instrumentation, electricals, metallurgy, shipping, aeronautical
engineering and so on.
For example, students studying technical
education opt for technology in the third year of their study in precollege
education. After the completion of
pre-college education with pre-B-tech degree (instead of polytechnics) students
perform their duties as Jr. Technicians and Jr. Engineers for their nation’s development
in technology and science.
The study in architecture is like
engineering. Students studying archeology, Pre-B. Arch work as Jr Architects to
work in various departments: companies, roads and buildings and so on.
Pre B. Sc (Mathematics), Pre B.Sc.
(Electronics), Pre B.Sc. (Computers), Pre M.C.A, and so on are studied as per
their choice in pre-college education. Students completing pre-college
education can work as Jr. teachers and jr. technicians.
Students should do projects in the
technical subjects of their choice. They should visit industries, factories and
so on as part of technological tours. They should participate in paper
presentations and improve their knowledge and technical skills. They are to be
encouraged in the field of interest to participate in science fair, by
exhibiting their talents.
Cicil engineering, archeology, chemical
engineering, mechanical engineering, electronics, communications, information
technology, electricals and so on are for students to study as the subjects of
specialization in precollege education.
IV. Financial
&management sciences:
A nation flourishes well when it is
technologically skilled. Then it is financially sound. For that, students are to study commerce,
economics, statistics, accountancy, banking, business management, ‘money and
finance’, and so on for the nation’s financial development. It is the study for
four years. At precollege education,
students are to study these subjects apart from English. Managerial skills are
developed by means of English communication skills. There should be seminars,
symposiums, workshops and so on for students to participate in the enrichment
of their business skills and managerial abilities.
Students have various subjects for
specialization: business management, hotel management, hospital management,
industrial development, and so on. Students
are to choose in the third year of study and study it for two years.
This study enables students to have
employment and helps their nation to develop their nation financially. They
market products when they are original, and they are to satisfy customers. The
ethics of business should aim at satisfaction of the customers. Business
develops when businessman’s relations with customers are good. Goodwill is
enhanced for business development.
Courses for study are pre-CA, Pre-B. Com.,
Pre-B. B.M. and so on. After the completion of course for four years, students
are appointed clerks in banks and offices.
V.
Humanities (Arts)
Art subjects are as important as life
sciences, technological sciences, and financial studies. Students are to study history,
economics, political science, sociology, archeology, ethics, education, astrology,
law, and so on for knowledge and wisdom. They should study these apart from
English. There are art subjects as the ones of specialization like music,
dance, poetry, painting, and sculpture that are meant for entertainment and
enlightenment. There is media for cultural development. They should also learn
to be commentators, announcers, anchors on the radio, TV, video conferences and
so on. Main subjects in the category humanities are administration, management,
co-ordination, cinematography, Students come forward to study these subjects.
Students are to participate in
co-curricular and extracurricular activities apart from curricular activities.
They are to go on excursions for their all-round development. After the
completion of precollege education, students can serve their nation as
teachers, administrators, and so on. After precollege education, students enter
undergraduate education. They can study pre B.A, pre B. Sc. ( Home science),
pre B. A. (Literature), Pre B.A (Linguistics), Pre LL. B and so on
Undergraduate Education:
Undergraduate Education is the stage
between precollege education and post-graduate education. Students to go for
further studies with knowledge in precollege education are to enter
undergraduate education for four years for their extensive and comprehensive
study. Professors with research degrees are eligible for teaching
undergraduates. Students are to select the subject of super specialization.
They study medicine, veterinary science, agriculture, engineering, architecture,
financial or management courses, or humanities according to their choice apart
from English.
The special feature of the graduate is that
students undergo training in their respective subjects to teach the students of
secondary education. It is as part of graduate study. They need not undergo training
separately, enabling themselves to teach the students of secondary education.
Graduate study is for four years including
M.B., B.S. Students are to complete MBBS (medical sciences), BPharm
(Pharmaceutical Sciences) B. V Sc (Veterinary Sciences), BTech, B.C.A.
(Technological sciences), B.Sc (Physical sciences), B Arch (Architecture), B. Sc.
(Ag), B. Sc (Biology) (biological sciences), B. Com, BBA, (Financial Management
courses) B.A, LL.B and so on (Humanities, arts) with a specialization of
students’ choice.
Students passing these qualifications are
called graduates to be eligible for all competitive examinations. IAS, IPS,
IFA, IRS, bank examination and group-1 and so on to be the heads of districts
in various departments.
Post-graduate Education:
Post-graduate study is the one for the four-year
study after the undergraduate study. M.D, M.S., M.Pharm (Pharmaceutical
Sciences) M. V Sc (Veterinary Sciences), M.Tech, M.C.A. (Technological
sciences), M.Sc (Physical sciences), M Arch (Architecture), M. Sc. (Ag), M.Sc. (Biological sciences), M. Com, MBA,
(Financial Management courses) M.A. LL.M and so on in humanities, arts.
Students at the stage are to complete their
post-graduate study with pre-research and submit a dissertation. Senior
professors are to teach them, guiding them to do pre-research. Students are to
complete post-graduate study in 4 years.
Here is the table to show the details of
infant education, primary education, secondary education, precollege education,
undergraduate education, post-graduate and pre-research education and research.
Students pursue their advanced research as
per interest. Government is to extend scholarships. That is the true spirit of
education. Here is the table showing all details of studies:
|
Stage Of Education
|
Period of Study
|
Students of Age
|
Subjects for Study
|
Degree/ Pass-out
|
|
Infant Education
|
3 years
|
3 to 5 years
Nursery
Kindergarten
Ist Class
|
English
Vernacular
Hindi
Basics: Science
Maths, Social
|
1st class
|
|
Primary Education
|
3 years
|
6 to 8 years
Classes:
2nd to 4th
|
English
Hindi
Vernacular
Maths, science
Social, etc
|
4th class
|
|
Secondary Education
|
4 years
|
9 to 12 years
5th to 8th classes
|
English
Hindi
Vernacular
Maths, Science
Social
|
8th class
|
|
Precollege Education
|
4 years
|
13 to 16 years
|
English
Optional subjects
Specialization
Vernacular
Hindi
|
Precollege Pass-out
|
|
Undergraduate Education
|
4 years
|
17 to 21 years
|
English
Optionals
Super Specialization
|
Graduate
|
|
Postgraduate Pre-research
|
4 years
|
22 to 26 years
|
Specialized Subject Dissertation
|
Postgraduate
|
|
Research
|
2 years
|
27 to 28 years
|
Thesis
|
Ph. D.
|
After the completion of studies students
can extend their services as employees until 60 years of age, writing books to
contribute to the development of knowledge in the subject of their choice.
Education plays such a wonderful role in
the lives of the people. They should have it for their all-round development to
be perfect human beings. This is the brief study of my new educational policy
introducing precollege education for a deep study of medical science,
scientific research, technical education, architecture, business od managerial
science and humanities (arts) before studying their undergraduate study.
Students studying precollege education serve society at large in its welfare.
Regarding the new policy of education is
designed in detail. This is the only brief survey of the policy presented to
the enlightened people.
Published: EDUTRACKS Vol-23 No.2 Oct 2023
Notes:
Wikipedia
